Memperluas Kosakatamu

Setiap orang ingin memperluas kosakatanya. Apa itu maksud kita harus belajar banyak kata yang baru? Tidak. Ada satu cara yang mudah untuk memperluas kosakatamu. Ada banyak kata benda yang kita semuanya sudah tahu, yang juga bisa dipakai sebagai kata kerja yang seringkali punya makna yang menarik.

 

Sebenarnya, belajar kata kerja itu lebih sulit daripada belajar kata benda. Kata benda mudah diterjemahkan dan kita bisa membayangkan benda yang dibahas. Tapi kata kerja lebih sulit divisualisasi dan kekurangan kata kerja dalam kosakata seringkali jadi hambatan buat pelajar bahasa Inggris. Ini alasan saya harap kosakata di bawah bisa membantu membangkit kosakatamu dengan kata kerja baru dan mudah dihafal.

 

1. Chair – To Chair

If someone tables a proposal, they say formally that they want it to be discussed at a meeting.

Untuk mengajukan sesuatu untuk dibahas dalam rapatnya.

 

Common Collocations: To table a proposal; To table a resolution; To table an amendment

• An amendment to the proposal was tabled by Mrs Sutomo.
• Amandemen diajurkan kepada anjurannya oleh Ibu Sutomo.
• Indonesia tabled a resolution in the U.N.
• Suatu resolusi diajukan oleh Indonesia di PBB.

 

2. House – To House

To give a person or animal a place to live, or to provide space for something.

Untuk menyediakan rumah atau tempat kepada seseorang atau sesuatu.

 

Common Collocations: To be housed in; To house the; To house a collection of

• The government has promised to house all refugees.
• Pemerintah menjanji itu akan menyediakan rumah untuk setiap pengungsi.
• The museum houses the largest collection of batik in the world.
• Museum memiliki koleksi batik terbesar di dunia.
• They were housed in a hotel far away from the city.
• Mereka ditempatkan di dalam hotel jauh dari kotanya.

 

3. Ship – To Ship

To transport something or someone by ship or other means of transport like air, train, or truck.

Untuk mengirim sesuatu atau seseorang ke tempat lain lewat kapal atau trasportasi lain seperti pesawat, truk dan lain-lain.

 

Common Collocations: To be shipped to; To ship a product; To ship goods

• The wood was shipped to America.
• Kayunya dikirim ke Amerika.
• The government hopes to ship food supplies to those effected by the disaster.
• Pemerintah harap mengirim pangan kepada orang yang terdampak malapetaka.

 

4. School – To School

To train a person or animal to do something. Or to educate someone.

Untuk melatihkan seseorang atau suatu hewan untuk melakukan sesuatu. Atau mendidik seseorang.

 

Common Collocations: To be schooled in; To be schooled by;

• He was schooled in Berlin during the war.
• Dia dididik di sekolah pada waktu perang di Berlin.
• She was schooled in soul and gospel music by her Jamaican father and Chinese mother.
• Dia diajarkan tentang musik soul dan gospel oleh ayahnya dari Jamaika dan Ibunya dari China.

 

5. Mirror – To Mirror

To be very similar to something.

Untuk merefkleksikan sesuatu yang mirip.

 

Common Collocations: To mirror something; To closely mirror something;

• The novel mirrors her own childhood experiences.
• Novel ini mencerminkan pengalaman diri dari masa kecil.
• This mirrored my own opinion.
• Ini merefleksikan pendapatku
• Public perception of a cancer’s prevalence is closely mirrored by federal funding for research into its causes.
• Persepsi masyarakat umum tentang sebarnya kanker punya hubungan kuat dengan naik dan turunnya dana pemerintah kepada penelitian kanker dan penyebabnya.

 

6. Book – To Book

A) To arrange to have a seat, room, performer, etc. at a particular time in the future.

Untuk mereservasi kursi, kamar atau pesan tiket dll… buat waktu tertentu.

 

Common Collocations: To book a room; To book a table; To book a holiday; To book a ticket; To book a cruise; To book a flight; To book somebody something; To book into a hotel

• I booked a table at the restaurant for 10pm.
• Aku reservasi kursi pada rumah makan buat jam 10 malam.
• They booked a jazz band for their wedding.
• Mereka pesan ban jazz buat pernikahannya.
• The couple booked into a hotel near the airport and are quarantining.
• Pasangannya pesan hotel dekat bandara dan mulai karantina.

B) If a police officer, referee, etc. books someone, they write down the person’s name in an official record because they have done something wrong.

Untuk mencatat orang karena perilau yang salah.

 

Common Collocations: To be booked by the referee; To by booked be the police; To be booked for something

• The player was booked by the referee for a dangerous tackle.
• Pemain sepak bolanya dicatat oleh wasit gara-gara jegalan yang berbahaya.
• The police said that he was booked for violent behaviour.
• Polisi katakan bahwa dia dicatat buat perilaku yang berbahaya.

 

7. Pen – To Pen

If someone pens a letter, article, or book, they write it.

Untuk menulis suatu surat, artikel atau buku.

 

Common Collocations: To pen a letter; To pen a book; To pen an article; To pen a lengthy letter; To pen a best-selling song; To pen a famous novel; To be penned by;

• She penned a note of thanks.
• Dia menulis surat untuk bilang terima kasih.
• This book contained a collection of letters penned by Kartini.
• Buku ini mengumpulkan beberapa surat yang dituliskan Kartini.
• He penned a lengthy article for the newspaper.
• Dia menulis artikel panjang buat korannya.

 

8. Bag – To Bag

A) To put something in a bag.

Untuk masuk sesuatu ke dalam tas.

 

Common Collocations: To bag the groceries;

• He bagged the money he found.
• He masuk uang yang dia ketemu ke dalam tas.

B) To win something, especially a prize.

Untuk menang sesuatu, terutama hadiah.

 

Common Collocations: To bag yourself a prize;

• An 80-year-old man has bagged more than £100,000 in the lottery.
• Orang berumur 80 menang lebih dari £100.000 dalam lotre.
• He bagged himself a place on the team.
• Dia dapat posisi di timnya.

 

9. Clock – To Clock

To clock a particular time or speed in a race means to reach that time or speed.

Untuk mengukur waktu tertentu dalam lomba balap, lomba lari dan lain-lain.

 

Common Collocations: To clock in at a time; To clock out at

• He clocked 10 seconds in the 100m race.
• Dia mengukur waktu 10 detik dalam lomba lari 100m.
• She clocked out of work at 9pm.
• Dia selesai kerja pada jam 9 malam.
• Inflation has clocked in at a 14 month low.
• Inflasi dicatat nomor paling kecil dalam 14 bulan terakir.

 

10. Eye – To Eye

To look at someone or something with interest.

Untuk perhatian sesuatu.

 

Common Collocations: To eye someone; To eye something; To eye someone suspiciously;

• The cat eyed my food.
• Kucing memperhatikan makananku.
• Graham eyed the mountains of papers with dismay
• Graham memperhatikan tumpukan kertas dengan cemas.

 

11. Mouth – To Mouth / To Mouth Off

A) If you mouth something, you form words with your lips without making any sound.

Untuk mengucapkan sesuatu lewat bergerak bibir dan mulut, tapi tanpa suara.

 

Common Collocations: To mouth along; To mouth the words to;

• He mouthed hello to her.
• Dia mengucapkan kata hello tanpa suara kepadanya.
• Budi found himself unconsciously mouthing along to the song.
• Budi tanpa sengaja mulai ikut nyanyi lagunya dengan diam.

B) to speak in a rude or offensive way to someone.

Untuk ngomong kepada orang dengan cara yang kasar.

 

Common Collocations: To mouth off to somebody; To mouth off at somebody; To mouth off about;

• He was arrested for mouthing off to a police officer.
• Dia ditangkap karena ngomong kasar kepada polisi.
• He was mouthing off about tourists.
• Dia ngomong kasar tentang turis.

 

12. Foot – To Foot

To pay an amount of money.

Untuk menyokong pembayaran rekening.

 

Common Collocations: To foot the bill; To foot the bill for;

• His parents footed the bill for his college tuition.
• Orangtua dia membantu membayar biaya kursus di universitas.

 

13. Arm – To Arm

A) To provide yourself or others with a weapon or weapons.

Untuk menyuplai orang atau kelompok dengan senjata.

 

Common Collocations: To be armed with;

• The group were armed by a foreign government.
• Kelompoknya dipersenjatai oleh pemerintah asing.
• They are arming themselves for war.
• Mereka lagi menyiapkan senjata buat perang.
• Four men armed with guns entered the bank.
• Empat orang dengan senjata masuk banknya.

B) To provide yourself or others with equipment or knowledge in order to complete a particular task.

Untuk mempersiapkan diri sendiri dengan peralatan atau pengetahuan biar bisa menyelesaikan suatu tugas.

 

Common Collocations: To be armed with;

• He came to the interview armed with facts.
• Dia datang ke wawancara dengan fakta yang dia sudah siapkan.
• She armed her children with the financial knowledge to run the business.
• Dia mendidik anaknya dengan pengetahuan finansial untuk melanjutkan bisnisnya.

 

14. Hand – To Hand / To Hand Over / To Hand in/ To Hand Out/ To Hand Down

A) To put something into someone’s hand from your own hand.

Untuk kasih barang kepada orang pake tanganmu.

 

Common Collocations: To hand someone something;

• He handed her an evelope.
• Dia kasihnya amplop.

B) To give something to someone, esp. after being asked or told to do this.

Untuk menyerahkan sesuatu, terutama sesudah diminta atau diperintah.

 

Common Collocations: To hand over something;

• The police officer ordered the man to hand over his weapons.
• Polisi memerintah ongnya untuk menyerah senjatanya.
• I handed my driving licence over to the police officer.
• Aku kasih SIMku kepada polisinya.

C) To give something to an authority or responsible person.

Untuk kasih sesuatu kepada orang yang bertanggung jawab.

 

Common Collocations: To hand in something;

• She handed in her resignation letter to her boss.
• Dia kasih surat pelepasan jabatan kepada manajer.

D) To give something to each person in a group or place.

Untuk kasih sesuatu kepada setiap orang yang berada di dalam grup atau berada di tempat tertentu.

 

Common Collocations: To hand something out; To hand out something;

• The teacher handed out the exam papers to the students.
• Gurunya kasih setiap murid kertas ujian.

E) To give something to a younger member of your family when you no longer need it.

Untuk kasih sesuatu kepada orang yang lebih muda di keluarganya sesudah tidak lagi dibutuhkan.

 

Common Collocations: To hand down something;

• My grandmother handed down this necklace to my mother.
• Nenekku kasih kalung ini kepada ibuku.

 

15. Elbow – To Elbow

To push someone rudely with your elbows so that you can move or have more space.

Untuk pukul orang dengan sikul biar bisa lewatin mereka.

 

Common Collocations: To elbow aside; To elbow past; To elbow someone; To elbow your way through;

• I was going to reveal her secret, when she elbowed me.
• Dia pukul aku dengan sikil gara-gara aku hampir membeberkan rahasia dia.
• The groups of boys stopped upon seeing Elisabeth and elbowed each other.
• Kelompok cowok itu henti saat liat Elizabeth dan saling memukul pakai sikul biar memerhati Elizabeth.

 

16. Head – To Head

A) To go in a particular direction.

Untuk berjalan ke tujuan tertentu.

 

Common Collocations: To head for; To head to; To head towards; To head back to; To be headed for; To head on over to; To head off to; To head down to; To head straight for; To head over to;

• I headed back home after school.
• Aku balik rumah sesudah sekolah selesai.
• He is heading out of town.
• Dia lagi menuju ke luar kota.
• We talked as we headed back towards the car.
• Kita ngobrol saat balik ke mobil.
• She heads down the corridor and knocks on the door.
• Dia berjalan ke ujung koridor dan mengetuk pintunya.

B) To be in charge of a group or organization.

Untuk memimpin suatu kelompok.

 

Common Collocations: To head something;

• She heads one of the largest companies in the country.
• Dia memimpin salah satu perusahaan paling besar di negara ini.
• The party is headed by a young woman.
• Partai politik itu dipimpin oleh wanita muda.
• Budi will head commission investigating corruption.
• Budi akan memimpin komisi yang memeriksa korupsi.

C) To be at the front or top of something.

Untuk berada di posisi paling depan atau paling utama.

 

Common Collocations: To head something;

• The queen headed the parade.
• Rajanya ada di posisi paling utama di parade.
• Jo’s name headed the list of candidates.
• Nama Jo berada di posisi paling utama dalam daftar calon.

D) If something or someone is heading for a particular result, the situation they are in is developing in a way that makes that result very likely.

Untuk bahasa tentang situasinya yang lagi menuju kepada sesuatu hasil.

 

Common Collocations: To be heading towards;

• The country is heading towards civil war.
• Negara ini menuju kepada perang saudara.
• Investors become worried as the country heads towards a recession.
• Investor jadi khawatir karena negaranya lagi menuju kepada resesi.

 

17. Shoulder – To Shoulder

A) To accept that you are responsible for something bad or difficult.

Untuk terima beban bertanggung jawab.

 

Common Collocations: To shoulder the blame; To shoulder the cost; To shoulder the responsibility; To shoulder the burden;

• Teachers often shoulder the blame for bad exam results.
• Guru sering dibebani tanggung jawab buat hasil ujian yang buruk.
• He had to shoulder responsibility for his father’s mistakes.
• Dia harus bertanggung jawab buat kesalahan ayahnya.

B) To push something with one of your shoulders.

Untuk mendorong orang atau benda pakai bahumu.

 

Common Collocations: To shoulder aside; To shoulder past; To shoulder your way through; To shoulder your past;

• She was shouldered aside by a man.
• Dia didorong ke samping oleh bahu pria itu.
• We shouldered our way through the crowd.
• Kita mendorong rombongan dengan bahunya untuk maju.

 

18. Knee – To Knee

To hit someone with your knee.

Untuk mukul orang pake lutut.

 

Common Collocations: To knee someone; To knee something;

• She kneed him in the groin.
• Dia mukulnya di kemaluan pake lututnya.

 

19. Finger – To Finger

To touch or feel something with your fingers.

Untuk meraba-raba menggunakan jari tangan.

 

Common Collocations: To finger something;

• She fingered her necklace absent-mindedly as she talked.
• Dia memainkan sama kalungnya tanpa sengaja sambil mengobrol.
• He fingered the few coins in his pocket.
• Dia memainkan sama beberapa koin yang dalam kantongnya.

 

20. Nose – To Nose

To look around or search in order to discover something, especially something that other people do not want you to find.

Untuk liat-liat keliling, mendengar, menonton, meraba-raba karena ingin tahu, terutama untuk cari tahu tentang hal pribadi orang lain.

 

Common Collocations: To nose around; To nose about; To nose throught; To nose around for;

• He nosed about her house.
• Dia liat-liat keliling rumahnya.
• We got to nose around the venue before it opened to the public.
• Kita dapat kesempatan untuk lihat-lihat keliling lakasinya sebelum membuka kepada umum.

 

21. Man – To Man / To Man Up

A) If you man something such as a place or machine, you operate it or are in charge of it.

Untuk mengoperasikan atau mengepalai sesuatu.

 

Common Collocations: To be manned by; To man something;

• Somebody is always manning the phones
• Selalu ada seseorang mengoperasikan teleponnya.
• The checkpoint is manned 24/7.
• Pos penjagaan dioperasikan 24/7 jam.

B) Used to tell someone that they should deal with something more bravely.

Digunakan untuk menyarankan orangnya harus lebih berani.

 

Common Collocations: Need to man up; Have to man up;

• You need to man up and admit you were wrong.
• Kamu harus berani dan mengaku kamu memang salah.

 

22. Mother – To Mother

If you mother someone, you treat them with great care and affection, as if they were a small child.

Untuk memperlakukan orang dengan sifat keibuan.

 

Common Collocations: To mother someone;

• Stop mothering her – she’s 40 years old and can take care of herself.
• Henti memperlakukan dia dengan sifat keibuan – dia sudah berumur 40 dan bisa menjaga diri sendiri.

 

23. Baby – To Baby

To treat an older child or even an adult as if he or she were a much younger child.

Untuk memperlakukan orang dewasa sebagai anak atau bayi.

 

Comon Collocations: To baby someone;

• Her aunt babied her.
• Tantenya memperlakukan dia sebagai bayi.

 

24. Father – To Father

To become the father of a child by making a woman pregnant.

Untuk menjadi ayah biologis kepada anak.

 

Common Collocations: To father a child; To father a child with; To father an illegitimate child;

• He fathered three children.
• Dia menjadi ayah biologis kepada tiga anak.

 

25. Mate – To Mate

When animals mate, a male and a female reproduce in order to produce young.

Untuk bahas tentang aksi hewan yang bersetubuhan untuk membuat anak.

 

Comon Collocations: To mate with;

• Tigers mate repeatedly over a period of several days.
• Macan bersetubuhan terus selama beberapa hari.

 

26. People – To People

If a place is peopled by a particular type of people, they have moved there or live there.

Untuk menduduki tempat dengan orang.

 

Common Collocations:

• The island was peopled by fishermen.
• Pulaunya diduduki oleh nelayan.

 

Contoh Kalimat

Kata kerja di atas bisa digunakan untuk memperkaya kosakatamu. Di bawah ada beberapa kalimat untuk kasih lihat manfaatnya belajar dan menggunakan kata kerja di atas.

1. The island was peopled by criminals who were shipped there by a government that was no longer willing to shoulder the costs of incarcerating them.
2. She was schooled at home and her education did not mirror that of other kids her age. But that did not stop her from achieving success and penning many best-selling novels.
3. Parents work hard to foot the costs of their children’s education. This is because parents shoulder the responsibility for their children’s success in life. A good education will ensure their children will head towards success in life.